Mycotoxins in Dairy Cows: What Every Clinician Should Know
Why It Matters Mycotoxins—secondary metabolites from Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium—occur in forages (maize/grass silage, haylage) and concentrates (maize, small grains, by-products). Rumen microbes can biotransform some toxins, but this protection is partial and easily overwhelmed in high-throughput dairy cows, fresh cows, SARA, heat stress, and—critically—co-contamination. The result is a broad, often subclinical drag on intake, […]